1 One of these courses must be a University seminar.

2 Students may receive permission to satisfy the organic chemistry requirement by taking CHEM 10172/11172 and/or CHEM 20273/21273 during Notre Dame’ssummer session.

3 For premedical students, it is strongly recommendedthat the student take a 20000-level English literaturecourse. This ensures that the student will be able to meetthe standard medical-school admission requirement oftwo English courses. Medical ethics and biochemistryare also generally required.

4 While not required, many students choose to take asupporting 3-credit non-BIOS science course that countstoward the required 41 credits in their major. Also, Biostatistics (BIOS 40411/42411) is highly recommendedfor all students planning on a health-relatedprofessional program or a graduate program, especiallyin ecology, environmental biology, or other fieldof life science. A non-BIOS/Science elective can be any30000- 50000-level course other than those required, and approved by the director of undergraduate studiesfor the Department of Biological Sciences. Biochemistry(e.g., CHEM 40420) is especially recommended.In addition to the undergraduate curriculum, theDepartment of Biological Sciences offers programsof graduate study leading to the degrees of master ofscience and doctor of philosophy, as described in the Graduate School Bulletin of Information.

The following undergraduate courses have been offered periodically as demand dictates:
10102. Plants, Food, and Society
10105. Parasitism, Disease, and Public Health
10111. Biological Basis of Human Behavior
10112. The Marine Environment
10113. Understanding Viruses
10114. Avian Biology
10115. Microbes and Man
40402. Microbial Physiology
30403. Invertebrate Biology
30409. Plant Taxonomy
40413. Cytology
30422. Marine Biology
40430. Advanced Animal Physiology
40455. Infection and Immunity
30460. Plant Ecology
40462. Applied Environmental Microbiology
40463. Aquatic Botany